Telescoping-piston hydraulic cartridge of reaction type.



D. V. SICKMAN. TELESCOPING PISTON HYDRAULIC CARTRIDGE OF REACTION TYPE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 9,1915- Patented May 8, 1917.

3 SHEETSSHEET I j z&/%/yz;7.

D. V. SICKMAN.

TELESCOPING PISTON HYDRAULIC CARTRIDGE OF REACTION TYPE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 9, I915. 1 22592, Patented May 8,1917.

3 SHEETS-SHEET mww DAVY VANCE SICKMAN, OF DENVER, COLORADO.

TELESCOPING-PISTON HYDRAULIC CARTRIDGE 0]? REACTION TYPE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 8, 191?.

Application filed July 9, 1915. Serial No. 38,856.

To a whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, DAVY VANCE SICK- MAN, acitizen-of the United States, resid ing in the city and county of Denver and State of Colorado, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Telescoping-Piston Hydraulic Cartridges of Reaction Type; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the characters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in hydraulic cartridges of the type in which a number of telescoping piston members are utilized for the purpose of increasing the possible range of movement for the purpose of breaking down coal in mines and for such other uses as these devices may be capable of performing. Another object of the invention is to relieve the bar which carries the pistons, from the strain due to the pressure of the fluid when reacting upon the bar while the piston or a piston member is mov ing outwardly in the performance of its function. As action and reaction are equal, if one end of the piston chamber is closed, the pressure on the bar or on this closed end of the piston chamber which is a part of the bar, is equal to the pressure on the moving piston, and as this pressure is very great, these bars must be made exceedingly heavy in order to stand the strain, otherwise they will be distorted or bent to such an extent as to materially interfere with or destroy their usefulness. Furthermore by virtue of my improved cartridge'construction whereby I employ two piston members moving in opposite directions, the working capacity of my improved cartridge is greatly increased, practicably doubled as compared with a cartridge having a single member piston in a bar of corresponding size.

While heretofore duplex or telescoping pistons have been known, they have been objectionable for various reasons and the objeet of my present invention is to overcome such objections. v

An important and novel feature in my present construction, consists in the employment of a stationary wall separating the two members of the telescoping piston structure. This wall incloses the chamber of one piston member, and spaces such chamber from the other piston member, the other piston memher being hollow and adapted to largely inclose the said interposed wall when the structure is in the telescoped condition. This wall makes it practicable to form the necessary water tight joints "incident to the successful use of cartridges of this character.

Another feature of my improvement consists in the use and arrangement of fluid carrying passages which are utilized for in troducing the liquid or other fluid (water being usually employed) to the surfaces of the piston members which are to act upon the coal or other material for breaking down purposes. Auxiliary perforated pistons are formed in metal members, for convenience diagonally arranged on opposite sides of each pair of telescoping pistons, thesaid perforated parts being connected to travel with one of the piston members, whereby the passages through these parts are maintained in communication with the other ports and passages necessary to deliver the fluid into contact with the upper surfaces of the piston members during the operation of the latter for coal breaking down pur poses or the performance of their work as may be required.

Having briefly outlined my improved construction, I will proceed to describe the same in detail, reference being made to the accompanying drawing, in which is illustrated an embodiment thereof. In this drawing,-

Figure. 1 is an underneath view of an hydraulic cartridge of my improved construction, or a view looking in the direction of arrow 1, Fig. 3.

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the same or a view looking in the direction of arrow 2, Fig. 3.

Fig. 3 is a sectional side elevation showing certain piston members partly ejected.

Figs. 4, 5 and 6 illustrate respectively and in detail the inner piston member, the interposed wall and the outer piston member. In these views the parts are shown mainly in section.

F g. 7 s a Se ion ta en 0 th in 7- of Fig. 1, showing one of my improved pistons in the collapsed position.

Fig. 8 is a cross section taken on the line S-S, F ig. 2, looking toward the right or in the direction of the arrow.

The same reference characters indicate the same parts in all the views.

Let the numeral 5 designate a bar which is chambered to receive the telescoping members 6 and 7 of a piston, the said members being spaced, so far as their body portions are concerned, by a wall 8 which is secured within the bar practically in such a manner as to make it substantially integral. As illustrated in the drawing this interposed or spacing wall 8 is provided at one extremity with. an exteriorly threaded collar 9 whose threads are adapted to cooperate with an interiorly threaded zone 10 of the bar. This threaded zone 10 is located slightly below what may be termed for convenience the top of the bar, the portion of' the latter above this threaded zone being bored as shown at 12 to make room for the enlarged exterior portion 13 of the piston member 6 when the piston parts are in the telescoped position. After this wall has been inserted and connected by means of the two sets of threads as heretofore explained, the wall and bar may be brazed where these threads are located whereby a substantially integral structure is formed. The wall 8 is then suspended within a cavity of the bar and surrounds a chamber or compartment 14 adapted to receive the body portion 15 of the piston member 6. Furthermore this wall is surrounded by an annular space or chamber 16, adapted to receive the cylindrical vertical wall portion 17 of the piston 7, the upper edge of this wall portion being surrounded by a reinforced collar member 18, forming a shoulder 19 adapted to engage the cooperating surface 20 of a stop ring 21 screwed into an annular space formedin the lower part of the bar surrounding the piston cavity, whereby the outward movement of the piston member 7 is limited. The lower part of the piston member 7 is closed by a head 22 which is exteriorly threaded as shown at 23 to receive a ring 24 having interior cooperating threads, the said ring extending upwardly above the threaded portions of the connected parts and adapted to abut the stop ring 21 from below when the pistons are in the collapsed position. This ring 24 is equipped at what may be termed opposite diagonal corners of a rectangular area of the bar, with upwardly projecting columns 25 which are perforated as shown at 26 to receive the water or other fluid employed for actuating the piston members. These pa ssages 26 are in communication by way of passages 27 and 28 formed in the ring 24 and the head 22 of the piston member 7 and also with ports 29 and 30 communicating respectively with the chamber 31 of the pistonmember 7 and withv the chamber 14 of the piston member 15, the said port 30 being continued by means of a registering port 32 formed in the bottom of the wall 8 and passing through the integral bottom proper 33, the gasket 34 and the retaining nut 35, the latter being secured by a lock nut 36.

As there are two of the perforated columns 25 for each piston member 7, the fluid is simultaneously delivered to the aforesaid chambers for piston ejecting purposes, frcm two points. The columns 25 when the piston member 7 is in motion, travel. downwardly in chambers 37, the upper extremities of the columns having shoulders 38 adapted to engage stops 3S) threaded into spaces 40 surrounding the lower extremities of the chambers 37 and closely engaging the said columns during the movement of the latter. In order to form fluid tight joints around the upper extremities of the columns, these extremities are equipped with cup leathers or gaskets 41 whose outer extremities engage the outer walls of the chambers 37, the gaskets being held in place by washers 42 which are secured in position by means of tubes 43 which are threaded into the upper extremities of the columns which are counterbored for the purpose. The water or other fluid employed for operating the piston members enters the chambers 37 through laterally disposed ports 44 formed in the upper part of the bar and in communication with a common longitudinally disposed passage 45 extending approximately the entire length of the bar and in communication at the fluid inlet extremity of the bar with an angular passage 46 which communicates with a passage 47 of the conduit 48 which delivers the fluid to the structure. I

The gasket 34 of the interposed wall 8, forms a fluid tight joint around the said wall below and between it and theinner surface of the piston member 7. The piston member 6 is provided at its lower extremity with a gasket 49 which is exposed at the outer surface of the member and engages the inner surface of the wall 8 to form a. fluid tight joint between this piston member and the interposed wall. This gasket 49 is held in place by a nut 50 applied to the short exteriorly threaded projection 51 of this piston member.

Each piston member 6 is provided with a vertically disposed elongated opening 52,

through which a stop'bolt 53 is passed, the

opposite sides of the casing being perforated to receive this bolt, the bolt fitting closely within the perforations of the casing (see Fig.8).

When the apparatus is in use, the fluid as water is supplied through the medium of 13a the conduit 48 which is connected with a suitable source of supply under pressure as a pump of suitable power and capacity. This water enters the structure at the upper extremities of the relatively small chambers in which the columns 25 are located, and passes downwardly through the perforations 26 formed in these columns, thence through the ports and passages 27. 28. 29. S0 and through the medium of which it is delivered simultaneously to the inner surfaces of the piston members 6 and 7 and on opposite sides of the bottom 33 of the interposed wall 9. The two piston members. undei the influence of this water pressure, move outwardly through the opposite openings formed in the bar. and act upon the material both above and below the bar. thus giving a, very extensive range of piston movement which is exceedingly aluable in apparatus of this class. During this operation, it will be noted that the gasket carried by the piston member (3. engages the inner surface of the interposed r-Jall 3, while the gasket 84- applicd to the bottom of this wall as heretofore explained. engages the inner surface of the wall 17 of the piston member '7. and forms a fluid tight joint. By virtue of this interposed wall feature, an exceedingly advantageous telescoping piston construction is obtained. there being a relatively small degree of reaction by the water or other fluid upon the adjacent parts of the bar. it will be understood that by virtue of the fact that the liquid employed when introduced for piston ejecting purposes, occupies positions on both sides of the bottom of the interposed wall, the pressure on this Wall is balanced. It should be noted that as the piston member '7 is ejected (see the left hand portion of Fig. 3), the columns 25 move downwardly therewith, and maintain the continuity of the path or passage through which the liquid continues to enter the chambers or compartments adjacent the inner surfaces of the piston members upon which the liquid acts. The reaction due to the pressure of the liquid on the surfaces at the upper extremities of the columns 25 during the piston ejecting operation, is relatively small. Hence, by my improved construction I have relieved the bar of the :artridge as far as practicable, or to the maximum degree. of the influence of the reaction of the liquid upon the bar.

As shown in the drawing my improved cartridge is shown approximately rectangular in cross section. It must of course be understood that the invention is not limited to any particular design in cross section since the bar may be cylindrical or of any other design.

However, the design shown in the drawing is particularly adapted for use in breaking down coal where kerfs are formed above and below the block of coal, and cartridges are placed in the kerf and advantageously arranged with reference to the work to be done. In other words the design of bar shown. in the drawing is not adapted for use where holes are bored in the coal for the insertion of the cartridge since under such circumstances it is necessary that the bar be cylindrical in form since it is not practicable to make any other design of hole.

Furthermore my improved piston construction whereby the perforated columns or port carrying members are employed, is specially adapted for use with a bar rec tangular in cross section. since such a design gives in (mportunity for arranging the columus 7* of the piston by disposing the two columns of each piston diagonally in the portion of the bar where the piston is located, as illustrated in 1. in the cylindrical form of bar, these pistons must necessarily be disposed centrally and in line w th the axis of the bar and consequently would require a bar of much greater length than where the columns are not employed.

Having thus described my invention, what l claim is.;-

1.. An hydraulic cartridge including two piston members spaced by an interposed wall.

2. An hydraulic cartridge including two piston members spaced by an interposed stationary wall.

3. An hydraulic cartridge including two telescoping piston members spaced by an intel-posed wall.

a. An hydraulic cartridge including two telescoping piston members spaced by an interposed stationary wall.

5. An hydraulic cartridge including two piston members spaced by an interposed stationary wall and means for introducing fluid under pressure to the inner surfaces of the piston members.

6. An hydraulic cartridge including two piston members spaced by an interposed stationary wall and means for simultaneously introducing fluid under pressure to the inner surfaces of the said members.

7. An hydraulic cartridge including two piston members spaced by an interposed stationary wall and equipped with gaskets cooperating with the piston members to form fluid tight joints.

8. An hydraulic cartridge including two cooperating piston members spaced by an interposed stationary wall, the said wall having a gasket engaging one of the piston members to form a fluid tight joint.

An hydraulic cartridge including two telescoping piston members spaced by an interposed stationary wall, one piston member having a gasket engaging the said wall to form a fluid tight oint.

10. An hydraulic cartridge including two &

telescoping piston members spaced by an in terposed stationary wall, the said wall and one piston member being respectively equipped with gaskets to form fluid tight joints between the piston members and the adjacent parts.

11. An hydraulic cartridge including two telescoping piston members and an interposed stationary wall, one of the members having ported parts traveling with the said member for maintaining the fluid passage intact between the supply and the chambers where it is utilized for piston ejecting purposes.

12. An hydraulic cartridge including two telescoping piston members spaced by an interposed stationary wall, one of the piston members having oppositely disposed perforated columns in communication with the source of fluid supply at one extremity and with the chambers where the fluid is to be utilized at their opposite extremities.

13. An hydraulic cartridge including two telescoping piston members spaced by an interposed wall, the arrangement being such that the said wall incloses the body of one piston member, while the other piston member incloscs the body portion of said wall when the members are in the collapsed relation.

14. An hydraulic cartridge including a bar having rectangular upper and lower surfaces and including a piston composed of two telescoping members spaced by aninterposed wall, one of the piston members having oppositely disposed perforated columns in communication with the source of fluid supply at one extremity and with the chambers where the fluid is to be utilized at their opposite extremities.

15. An hydraulic cartridge including a bar having upper and lower surfaces rectangular or approximately rectangular in shape, and including a piston member having oppositely disposed perforated columns in connnunication with the source of fluid supply at one extremity and with the chamber where the fluid is to be utilized at its opposite extremity.

In testimony whereof I atfix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

DAVY V ANCE SIOKMAN.

\V i tnesses Bass MrrcrimLL, A. EBnR'r OBRIEN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the 'Gommissioner of Patents Washington, D. C. 

